Policy Sources
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From Field Note #1
Congressional Budget Office. Estimated Budgetary Effects of Public Law 119-21, to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14, Relative to CBO’s January 2025 Baseline, cost estimate, July 21, 2025.
Congressional Research Service, The Department of Education’s Proposed Rule to Define “Professional Student”: Frequently Asked Questions, March 13, 2026. https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48768
Cooper, Preston. “The Big Beautiful Bill Is Already Bringing Down Tuition.” American Enterprise Institute. October 2, 2025.
https://www.aei.org/education/the-big-beautiful-bill-is-already-bringing-down-tuition/Kansas State University.“ Veterinary Medicine Cost of Attendance – Manhattan Campus.”
https://www.k-state.edu/sfa/cost/manhattan-campus-costs/veterinary-med.htmlLesh, Maci. “Grad PLUS Loan Elimination Raises Questions for CSU Graduate, Veterinary Students.” The Rocky Mountain Collegian. March 12, 2026.
https://collegian.com/articles/science/2026/03/category-science-grad-plus-loan-elimination-raises-questions-for-csu-graduate-veterinary-students/U.S. Department of Education, Federal Student Aid, Portfolio by Loan Type, data file, https://studentaid.gov/sites/default/files/fsawg/datacenter/library/PortfoliobyLoanType.xls
U.S. Congress, H.R. 1 — An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14, 119th Congress (2025–2026), July 4, 2025, https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/1
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, “Evaluation of Federal Financial Aid Information and Delivery Strategies: Experiment Requiring Completion of the FAFSA,” evaluation project description, https://ies.ed.gov/use-work/evaluations/evaluations-federal-financial-aid-information-and-delivery-strategies-experiment-requiring
U.S. Department of Education. “Myth vs. Fact: Definition of Professional Degrees.” Press release. November 24, 2025. https://www.ed.gov/about/news/press-release/myth-vs-fact-definition-of-professional-degrees
U.S. Department of Education. Reimagining and Improving Student Education. Federal Register, January 30, 2026. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/01/30/2026-01912/reimagining-and-improving-student-education
U.S. Department of Education, “U.S. Department of Education Issues Proposed Rule to Make Higher Education More Affordable and Simplify Student Loan Repayment,” press release, January 29, 2026, https://www.ed.gov/about/news/press-release/us-department-of-education-issues-proposed-rule-make-higher-education-more-affordable-and-simplify-student-loan-repayment
Forbes. “Trump Is Slashing Grad School Loans. These Companies Are Scrambling to Step In.” Article. September 24, 2025. https://www.forbes.com/sites/daniellechemtob/2025/09/24/trump-is-slashing-grad-school-loans-these-companies-are-scrambling-to-step-in/
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